Perspectivas e desafios dos profissionais na inserção da prática plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos na atenção primária à saúde, no município de Gaspar, SC / erspectives and challenges of professionals in theinsertion of medicinal plants and herbal practices in primary health care, in the city of Gaspar, SC

Este estudo qualiquantitativo,com abordagem de pesquisa-ação,foi desenvolvido a partir de uma capacitação para promover a inserção da prática plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), no município de Gaspar, Santa Catarina. Foram utilizados dois questionários e uma entrevista para verificar o conhecimento, auxiliar as ações e esclarecer as percepções dos profissionais sobre a inserção desta prática. Verificou-se que a maioria dos 32 participantes acertou as questões sobre o tema, fazia uso de plantas e acreditava no seu efeito. Apesar do interesse na prática, foi relatada insegurança para prescrever, pois necessitam de mais conhecimento, espaço físico para hortas e fitoterápicos incluídos na Relação Municipal de Medicamentos Essenciais. Sendo assim, o envolvimento da gestão e da comunidade e, ações intersetoriais, poderiam minimizar o desafio da implantação da prática ampliando as opções de tratamento e fortalecendo o vínculo entre a APS e os usuários.

This quali-quantitative study with an action-research approach was developed from training to promote the insertion of medicinal plants and herbal medicines in Primary Health Care (PHC), in the city of Gaspar, Santa Catarina. Two questionnaires and an interview were used to verify knowledge, assist actions and clarify professionals' perceptions about the insertion of this practice. It was found that most of the 32 participants got the questions right on the subject, made use of plants and believed in their effect. Despite the interest in the practice, it was reported insecurity to prescribe, as they need more knowledge, physical space for medicinal gardens and herbal medicines included in the Municipal List of Essential Medicines. Thus, the involvement of management and the community, and intersectoral actions, could minimize the challenge of implementing the practice, expanding treatment options and strengthening the bond between PHC and users.

Extracellular polysaccharide production by a strain of Pleurotus djamor isolated in the south of Brazil and antitumor activity on Sarcoma 180

Polysaccharides with medicinal properties can be obtained from fruiting bodies, mycelium and culture broth of several fungus species. This work was carried out in batch culture using a stirred tank reactor with two different initial glucose concentrations (40-50 g/L) and pH values (3.0-4.0) to enhance extracellular polysaccharides production by Pleurotus djamor UNIVILLE 001 and evaluate antitumor effect of intraperitonial administration of Pleurotus djamor extract on sarcoma 180 animal model. According to factorial design, the low pH value (pH 3.0) led to a gain of 1.6 g/L on the extracellular polysaccharide concentration, while glucose concentration in the tested range had no significant effect on the concentration of polysaccharide. With 40 g/L initial glucose concentration and pH 3.0, it was observed that yield factor of extracellular polysaccharide on substrate (Y P/S = 0.072) and maximum extracellular polysaccharide productivity (Q Pmax = 11.26 mg/L.h) were about 188% and 321% respectively higher than those obtained in the experiment performed at pH 4.0. Under these conditions, the highest values of the yield factor of biomass on substrate (Y X/S = 0.24) and maximal biomass productivity (Q Xmax = 32.2 mg/L.h) were also reached. In tumor response study, mean tumor volume on the 21th day was 35.3 cm³ in untreated group and 1.6 cm³ in treated group (p = 0.05) with a tumor inhibition rate of 94%. These impressive results suggests an inhibitory effect of P.djamor extract on cancer cells.